ABSTRACT
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Ranging from atypical pneumonia to respiratory failure & ARDS. The complications are pulm fibrosis, pneumothorax / pneumomediastinum, pleural effusion & TB. Development of a pneumothorax is emerging complications. Potential cause is structural changes include cystic & fibrotic changes leading to alveolar tears. Also Increase in intrathoracic pressure from prolonged coughing or respiratory support. However, pneumothorax was rare complication all patients required placement of chest tube. The reactivation of tb due to decreased in built immunity or due to steroids. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review. Cases were collected from Govt medical college Kota. Clinical, radiological, demographic and laboratory data were collected. Also Diagnosed with pulm complications. Results: 50 cases were included. Study done btw November 2020 to August 2021. 34 patients covid RT PCR positive, 16 patients were negative (positive in CT). 40 patients were hospitalized, 10 were home isolated during covid infection. Hydropneumo/pneumothorax develop in 12 (24%), with associated pneumomediastinum in 3 (6%) patients, primary tb or reactivation tb in 8 (16%), pleural effusion 1 (2%) patient. post covid fibrosis was found in most of cases 41 (82%). Conclusion: COVID 19 affect the whole body, the post covid fibrosis is main complications. both pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum may be present during or after SARS COVID 19 pneumonia even in non-intubated patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection enters human body through respiratory tract and then rapidly spread to involve lungs and multiply swiftly leading to severe hypoxic pneumonia. Clinically, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is identified by three stages based on viral infection, lung involvement with inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. High resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) lung play an important role in diagnosis and management of lung fibrosis in coronavirus disease patients. Aim: To study association between inflammatory markers and development of lung fibrosis in post COVID-19 patients. Study also aimed at assessment of chest Computed Tomography (CT) Involvement Score (CT-IS) and COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) for chest CT in post COVID patients presented with lung fibrosis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included elaborate evaluation of HRCT findings and inflammatory markers of 54 patients presented with pulmonary fibrosis at tertiary care centre for duration of six months from 1st June to 30th November 2020. Only those patients were included in which both HRCT findings and clinical laboratory parameters were available. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), serum ferritin, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Procalcitonin (PCT) markers were studied. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test to compare the inflammatory markers with CT-IS score with p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 536 corona positive patients were admitted in hospital and underwent HRCT lung from June 2020 to November 2020. Out of 536, 54 (10.07%) patients showed findings of lung fibrosis on follow-up CT scan. Among 54 patients with lung fibrosis, CRP, serum ferritin and IL-6 levels were high in 46 (85.19%), 42 (77.77%) and 48 (88.89%) patients respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase, ESR and PCT were increased in 12 (22.22%), 15 (27.78%) and 06 (11.11%) patients respectively. These levels were higher in Fibrotic phase compared to prefibrotic phase. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly associated with the severity of lung fibrosis, having significant p-value=0.004. Conclusion: Among all inflammatory markers, ESR value may be useful as a surrogate marker to predict the pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients. C-reactive protein, IL-6, LDH, serum ferritin and PCT levels do not show significant association with lung fibrosis on HRCT scan.
ABSTRACT
2-Deoxy-D-glucose, mimic of glucose having deoxygenated carbon at second position i.e. hydroxyl group is replaced by hydrogen, due to which 2-DG cannot undergo further glycolysis. It inhibits the production of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose at the phosphoglucoisomerase level which is second step of glycolysis.